مواعيد فتح الرابطة يوميا الساعه كام؟
كود:
مواعيد فتح الرابطة يوميا الساعه كام؟
يعنى إيه مساح بحرى ؟ -5 - الدراسة العلمية للمساحين البحريين
السلام عليكم ورحمه الله وبركاته
أعزائى الأعضاء الكرام
كثر السؤال عن مؤهلات العمل بالمساحة البحرية ومن هذا المنطلق رأيت أن أفضل إجابة على هذا السؤال هو ذلك الملف المرفوع لحضراتكم والذى به كل المعلومات الهامة عن متطلبات الدراسة الأكاديمية للمساحين العاملون بالمساحة الهيدروجرافية أو بالأحرى العاملون بالأفشور أو البحر
وهو يعطى فكره عميقة عما يجب أن تدرسه وما هى المهارات المطلوبة كالعمل على الكمبيوتر وخلافه والتى يتطلبها العمل فى المساحة المرتبطة بالبحر واستخراج البترول من البحار
الملف من إعداد أكبر المنظمات العالمية المنظمة للعمل بذلك المجال ألا وهى IMCA
والملف مرفوع لحضراتكم من الجزء الخاص بالمقاولون البحريون الأعضاء
http://www.2shared.com/file/8738527/2d8f260d/IMCAS005.html
واليكم ترجمه بسيطة للموضوع نفسه - فى حال صادفتك صعوبة فى جلب الملف
توصيات المنظمة العالمية للمقاولون البحريون للمؤهلات والمهارات العلمية التى يجب توافرها فى المساحون البحريون المحترفون
والاحتراف ليس معناه عظيم الحبره وانما المحترف هو من تخصص فى علم ويتقن عمله تماما ويستطيع أن يبدع فيه
Expectations from Offshore Survey Contractors
Surveyors to be employed in the offshore sector study a wide variety of courses, some with a hydrographic theme, although others may study subjects with a greater emphasis on land survey techniques. Each type of survey course will bring relevant benefits to the industry. It is expected that any survey course will impress on its students the importance of online quality control and the importance of ongoing checks and re-computations throughout the course of any survey.
Students would be expected to have a good understanding of the following:
لابد من أن تتوفر الخلفية العلمية الجيدة بالموضوعات التالية
اولا
Health, Safety and Environment
القوانين والقواعد والإحتياطات الخاصة بالحفاظ على سلامة الأرواح وقواعد العمل الآمن على السفن والحفاظ على البيئة ومنع التلوث
Students should have familiarized themselves with:
-offshore survival training;
-permit to work systems;
-risk assessment;
-personal protective equipment;
-the International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution From Ships
ثانيا
Geodesy
Students are expected to have a good understanding of geodesy and map co-
ordinate systems and other matters related to position on the earth’s surface.
علم المساحة الجيوديسية ومساقط الخرائط ونظام الأحداثيات
Specific areas include:
-co-ordinate systems;
-map projections;
-spheroids;
-horizontal datums;
-vertical datums (land and marine).
ثالثا
Hydrography
Students are expected to have a good understanding of hydrographic surveys.
Specific areas include:
المساحة المائية أو الهيدروجرافية وتشمل جس الأعماق ومصادر الخطأ والدقة المتوقعه ومواصفات المسح القياسية ومعالجة البيانات – المد والجذر وحساباته
-Bathymetry data acquisition, processing and presentation (single beam and multi-beam echo sounders), digital terrain models (DTMs) and target resolution;
-water column parameters and their effects on echo sounding;
-tidal data and cycles;
-impact of timing errors and sensor offsets on data accuracy (particularly multi-beam echo-sounders);
-calibrations (inc multi-beam echo-sounders and motion sensors);
-accuracy of final products (cumulative effect of errors);
-tidal reduction;
-tidal prediction, tidal roses;
-tidal streams;
-co-tidal information and application (source and derivation);
-accuracy of bathymetric systems;
-bathymetric error budgets and appreciation of different survey categories within IHO SP44 4th Edition and IMCA S 003 Rev. 1 – Guidelines for the use of multibeam echosounders for offshore surveys.
IMCA S 005 Rev. 1 3
رابعا
Oceanography
Students are expected to have a good understanding of basic oceanography and marine environments.
علوم البحار والمحيطات : كخصائص التيارات البحرية وظاهرة المد والجذر والقياس فى الأعماق الكبيرة لتحديد الموقع
Specific areas include:
-tidal streams and currents;
-water column parameters;
-sea water properties;
-turbidity;
-deep water measurements;
-underwater acoustic positioning, thermo clines and their effects on bathymetric measurements;
general observations.
خامسا
Geology and Geophysics
Students are expected to have a basic understanding of geology and how seabed and sub-seabed features are interpreted from geophysical systems:
دراسة أجهزة سبر الأغوار متعددة الأشعه والمسح الجانبى للأعماق وأجهزة التقاط العينات من قيعان البحار
-single and multibeam echo sounder interpretation;
-side scan sonar and sub bottom profiler interpretation;
-digital sonar processing and seabed imagery;
-magnetometers and interpretation of results;
-geotechnical sampling/soil testing techniques and interpretation of results.
سادسا
Mathematics
Students are expected to have a good understanding of the basic mathematical concepts used in surveying and be able to use them.
Specific areas include:
دراسة مبادئ الجبر والهندسة الفراغية والهندسة التحليلية ونظرية الأخطاء والأحتمالات وعلم الأحصاء
-basic geometry and algebra;
-plane and spherical trigonometry;
-basic calculus;
-co-ordinate systems;
-statistics and statistical analysis;
-theory of errors and error budgets;
-theory of precision and accuracy;
-data distribution plots/curves.
سابعا
Survey Computations
Students are expected to have a good understanding of basic and intermediate survey computations
Specific areas include:
-use of chart dividers and scale rulers;
-calculation of nautical miles from latitude and longitude;
-land survey computations (resection, triangulation, trilateration, joints, polar);
-spherical trigonometry;
-co-ordinate transformations (geographical, projection, cartesian);
-computation of sail lines (Great Circle and Rhumb);
-computations on the grid (arc to chord, convergence, scale factor etc.);
-statistical analysis (least squares, matrices, variance etc.).
4 IMCA S 005 Rev. 1
ثامنا
Surface Positioning Systems
Students are expected to have a good understanding of surface positioning systems and how they are used in modern marine survey. Particular attention should be paid to satellite positioning systems
Specific areas include:
-signal transmission;
-geodetic considerations;
-radio positioning systems theory;
-satellite positioning systems theory;
-global positioning systems;
-differential GPS;
-motion sensors including GPS based motion sensors;
-the theory of gyro compasses and their calibration;
-effect of latitude on heading sensors (true and magnetic north);
-effect of offsets and vessel pitch/roll in surface positioning;
-real-time kinematic (RTK) GPS;
-accuracy expectations for and practical considerations in using surface positioning systems.
تاسعا
Acoustics
Students are expected to have a good understanding of acoustics and how they are used in modern marine survey.
Specific areas include:
-sound propagation in water;
-sonar theory;
-sound velocity determination, ultra-short baseline (USBL) and long baseline (LBL), vehicle tracking;
-acoustic positioning techniques including calibration, USBL and LBL, vehicle tracking;
-single and multibeam echo sounder operation;
-side scan sonar and sub bottom profiler, pipe/cable trackers;
-‘CHIRP’ technology and applications;
-digital sonar processing techniques and seabed imagery;
-importance of relative and absolute accuracy in subsea work.
عاشرا
Marine Survey Industry
Students are expected to have a good understanding of the offshore and marine survey industry and the role of the surveyor within it. Students should have a theoretical knowledge of the range of survey activities undertaken and the basic equipment necessary for undertaking these activities.
Specific areas include:
-oil and gas industry;
-telecommunications industry;
-nautical/navigational charting;
-marine survey and exploration;
-seismic industry and techniques;
-offshore vessel types;
-remotely operated vehicles (ROVs) and autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs);
-dredgers and rock dumpers;
IMCA S 005 Rev. 1 5
-ability to read and use a nautical chart;
-coastal zone management;
-offshore renewable energy industry (wind, waves, currents);
-organizations for further professional development – IMCA, Hydrographic Society, RICS, ICES.
الحادى عشر
Land and Engineering Survey
Students are expected to have a good understanding of land and engineering survey techniques.
Specific areas include:
-basic land survey techniques (e.g. traversing, levelling, detail survey);
-basic engineering survey techniques (e.g. setting out, dimensional control);
-computations associated with these techniques;
-equipment requirements for these techniques, including checks and calibration;
-azimuth determination;
-astronomical observations e.g. sun observation to complete a gyro calibration;
-use of total station, tripods and other survey hardware.
نفعنا الله وإياكم بالعلم
وفى إنتظار أى أسئلة أو مناقشات من حضراتكم
