Republic of Finland

**samomran** · 01-31-2009, 03:43 PM

Republic of Finland

Europe is one of the Scandinavian countries, located in the north of the European continent. Bordered by Russia, Norway and Sweden. Finland called the country or the country of green forests of the large number of forests and lakes in it. It is also home to the mobile phone company Nokia. Finland was the first European country in 1907 granted women the right to vote

Geography

In Finland there are about 188 thousand and 180 thousand lake island. Lake Saima them, a veto is the fifth largest lake in Europe. Most of the country's land surface is covered with some hills and mountains, the highest altitude of Mount Haltetwntore 1328 meters, is rendered in the north. Besides the large number of lakes, forests cover an area of 68% of Finland. Most of the islands in the south-west, as part of the Aland archipelago and along the west coast of the country. Finland is one of the few countries of the world Your continued to grow, the land has been growing annually by 7 km. Known as the northern region of Lapland.
Weather in the south, the country is moderate, while poles in the north. A quarter of Finnish territory is located on the Arctic, and the result of that, there is the middle of the night as the sun headed north. This means that the sun is not absent at night. Maximum points in the north, in the absence of the sun for a summer day 73, and do not show at all for a period of 51 days in the winter.
Population

92% of the population in Finland are Finnish, Swedish 5,6%, 0.11% Semites and the rest are immigrant minorities. People are concentrated in the southern regions of the country.
Language

There is the country's two official languages: Finnish and Swedish. 92% speak the former and the other 5,5%. The other minority languages are Russian, and Estonian-Semitism.

Religion

84% of Finns belong to the Church of Alivanglep - Finnish Lutheran, 1% of the Finnish Orthodox Church, condemned the rest of the population Balbrocstantinip, Catholicism, Islam and Judaism, as well as 14% without a religion.

Festivals and holidays

Religious holidays are New Year's Day (the first of January), Epiphany (the sixth of January), Easter, Ascension Day, Whit Monday, All Saints Day (the first Saturday of November) and night and Christmas (24-26 December). National Day is (6 December).
History

Since 1284, Finland is a province of Sweden. Finland became a loss to Russia after the war the northern Sweden (1700-1721) to Russia. Finland was the first European country in 1907 granted women the right to vote. Russia has a policy of arbitrarily against the Finns, especially at the beginning of the twentieth century, which led to the declaration of the independence of Finland in 1917 by one. Zllk the impact of the civil war broke out in the next year between the White (royal), backed by Germany and the Red (communist), backed by the Soviet Union, won the first set, which led to the proclamation of the Republic in 1919 and the signing of a peace agreement with the Soviet Union in 1920. Finland joined in 1920 of the League of the United Nations and in 1955 the United Nations. Finland signed a non-aggression pact with the Soviet Union in 1932. Finland and other countries Alascdnavip declared its neutrality in 1938 in international politics. The Hitler - Stalin gave the green light to the Soviet Union's occupation of Finland again in November 30, 1939 during the Second World War (1939-1945) without any prior warning. Finland conceded after Zllk area of ten in 1940 to the Soviet Union, but quickly announced support of Germany in 1941 in its war against the Soviet Union. War ended with the Soviet Union signed the truce agreement in 1944. General von Manrheim (von Mannerheim), genuine Finnish led forces in the wars against the Soviet Union 1918-1919 and 1941-1944, the first post-war government in 1944 and became president in 1946. Back the peace agreement in Paris in 1947 as the territory of Finland before the year 1940. Signed later the Soviet Union, Finland and the Treaty of Amity and Cooperation in 1948. Finland joined in 1956 to the North in 1989 to the Council of Europe in 1995 and the European Union.

Policy

Political system

Finland has a semi-presidential system with a parliament. Finnish president in charge of foreign policy. Most of executive powers under the hands of the Council of Ministers headed by Prime Minister rendered, rendered in turn appointed by the Parliament. The Finnish parliament to elect the 200 members every four years, the use of lists. Finnish Constitution is different from the others, that there is no constitutional court is not true of the Supreme Judicial Court as a law was enacted unconstitutional, the parliament is authorized Bzllk. The country's main political parties are the Social Democratic Party of Finland (Suomen Sosialidemokraattinen Puolue), left-wing coalition (Vasemmistoliitto), the Center Party (Keskusta) and the National Coalition (Kansallinen Kokoomus).

Foreign Policy

As one of the Alascdnavip and because of its proximity to the former Soviet Union, Zllk impact on Finnish foreign policy. Has been trying to attract all of the Western bloc and Eastern bloc, and it sometimes plays the role of mediator in the cold war between them. In 1995 joined the European Union and in 1999 the European Union currency rendered the euro single currency was introduced in 2001.
The administrative division and the most important cities

Administrative division of Finland

There are 6 main administrative divisions (läänit) in Finland:
* South Finland
* West Finland
* Eastern Finland
* Ulu
* Lapland
Åland
There are also 444 municipalities.
The most important cities: Helsinki (559330 people in 2003), Tambereh (200980 people in 2003), Turku (175000 people in 2003) and Oulu (125970 people in 2003). The first three cities are located on the coast, while the latter is at home.

Economy and infrastructure
Finland has a free economy, industrial, comparable per capita income, industrial countries such as the United Kingdom and abroad, France, Germany and Italy. The country's standard of living is high. Constitute the largest pillar industry of the economy, the most important industries: timber, minerals, communications and electricity. Finland is the most important exports of timber and communications equipment. Imports: raw materials, energy and food. Mobile phone company Nokia is in Finland.
Finland has 5865 kilometers of rail .49853 km of paved roads and 6675 km of shipping routes, according to statistics in 1998. The most important ports of the country: Hammena, Helsinki and Kokola. Helsinki Airport is the largest international airport. There are three airlines, notably Air Fein (Finnair) and one rail company owns most of the States. Helsinki is the only city in the country has a veto service metro (subway). Maritime and river constitute an important factor in the movement of the country's transportation and with neighboring countries, especially Sweden, Germany and the Baltic States.

Culture and education
Finns, like the Norwegians and Swedes, in general, the governor of the people-loving nature and calm. Literature is a cornerstone of Finnish writer Elias Onrot (Lönnrot). Johan is also Udwg RONNEBERG (Runeberg) and Arto Basilina (Paasilinna) one of the greatest book of Finland. Franz was Emile Silanba (Sillanpää Nobel Prize in literature in 1939. Sebeleus Jean (Sibelius) was the main author of Finnish music.
School education free and compulsory up to the age of six. Finland has always been one of the first test in the world, the level of schooling (Pisa). There are several universities in the country's most important of the University of Helsinki and the University of Helsinki and the University of technical Tambereh.

Sources
* English Wikipedia
* German Wikipedia
* Glossary Harrinberg countries (Harenberg)
* Guinness Brockhouse (Brockhaus)
* Atlas Bertsaman (Bertelsmann