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    Handbook for OFFSHORE SURVEYING


    ======================

    (70)
    =======================




    : Offshore Oil & Gas Industry


    : Instrumentation


    : Offshore Operations


    =======================

    ...
    .. - -
    ..








    2009







    Offshore Oil & Gas Industry




    5000


    Paleozoic Cenozoic


    1901 ..

    ٦٠ % ( ٦٥ % ٢٠١٠) 100



    Platform 1938 1946

    semi-submersible Dynamic position ( )



    ..






    ٦٣ % ٣٨ %
    Mohamed Hashem ; 06-02-2009 06:24 AM

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    -



    Instrumentation


    Acoustic energy - :


    - Positioning

    GPS
    DGPS offshore Total Station near shore
    1996 GPS : 24 20200 Receivers users
    Pseudo ranges 3 GPS one-way ranging technique
    Selective Availability differential correction S/A WGS 84 1 3 0.1

    Heading Sensors

    Gyroscopic compass () true north 0.1

    Geodesy



    Universal Transverse Mercator Projection (UTM)
    Zone 6 Zone 1 180 80 Parameters :
    Central Meridian: the longitude for the center of a particular zone
    Latitude of Origin: the equator, 0 degree north / south
    Scale Factor on the center meridian: 0.9996
    False Easting (of the center meridian): 500000 mE
    False Northing (of the origin):0 mN for the northern hemisphere and 10000000 m N for the southern hemisphere.
    Heights

    Chart Datum


    Hydroacoustic Positioning Reference

    Sensors Beacon

    ROV () ()

    Bathymetry Survey

    (//)
    Single Beam Echo Sounders

    acoustic plus Transducer ( ) Echo Sounding
    Multi Channel Echosounder




    Scanning Sonar

    "" tow-fish

    4 200




    - Sub-bottom Profiler

    500


    Pingers

    3.5 7 KHz 50 30
    Boomers

    500 Hz 5 KHz 100
    Sparkers



    - Remotely Operated Vehicles

    ROV Pilot 4000 Umbilical - - side scan sonar/multi beam echo sounder

    robots

    1970
    ( 150 )
    ROV As-Built Survey


    Processing

    .. Sensors 12 ..

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    ...




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  7. #7
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      AYMAN GAMAL
    Sep 2008
    Alexandria, Egypt, Egypt
    2,482
    8263









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    ݿ





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    ݿ




    .. 100

    photo gallery

    Mohamed Hashem ; 05-30-2009 12:11 AM